Mechanical design systems :: essays research papers

Issue STATEMENT:      The configuration is to build a drive framework to work two expulsion rolls in inverse ways to pack the caramel. The drive framework comprises of an adaptable drive framework that works a spike gear drive, which thusly works the expulsion moves at equivalent and inverse rates. The force source to this structure is a five drive typical torque AC electric engine, working at 1160 rpm. The framework must be intended to run 24 hours out of every day, 3 days out of each week. There will be 4 shafts is the drive framework. The pole that is being driven by the adaptable drive framework straightforwardly is to be considered shaft A, for configuration reference. The expulsion moves shafts are to be called shaft B1 and B2, for configuration reference. The last shaft C is in the framework just to turn around the bearing of pivot of one of the expulsion move shafts. The speed of shaft An is to be controlled by the creator. The speed of the expulsion moves is to be 200 rpm. When str ucturing this drive framework ascertain all powers, futures and worries for the two frameworks. The centerline good ways from engine shaft to shaft An is to be 72 inches. 2 Structure DECISIONS:      While planning this numerous drive framework there are numerous choices to be made so as to effectively structure the framework as indicated by the difficult articulation. The first is concluding whether to utilize a belt drive or a chain drive; one would understand that the framework is working at genuinely low speed so a chain would be perfect. The subsequent stage to planning this framework is to consider and examine a speed for shaft A. Variables must be thought of while choosing the speed of shaft A. The components are that the speed of shaft An ought to be sufficiently high so the speed proportion of the apparatuses is sufficiently enormous, with the goal that the rigging sizes make a huge enough separation between expulsion rolls. When planning this framework one would pick around 480 rpm. Utilizing the rpm out of the adaptable drive one would choose the proper apparatuses for the application. Which the architect will discover is a troublesome undertaking consid ering contact pressure. While picking the correct chain size and sprockets one will locate that a number 40, 19 tooth â€Å"n1† and a 45 tooth â€Å"n2† are ideal stock segments and get you genuinely near the ideal 480 rpm.

Development of a Nursing Care Plan For Angela - myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theDevelopment of a Nursing Care Plan For Angela. Answer: Presentation This present report's title plainly features its focal pith. It tries to give an efficient, broad, brief and palatable advancement of a nursing care plan for Angela, who experiences a constant condition. To do this, the report will exhaustively talk about a few viewpoints relating interminable conditions. The report is organized into four segments in particular: a conversation of the core values in arranging nursing care for constantly sick patients, advancement of a nursing care plan( will incorporate three nursing mediations upheld by significant method of reasoning), an examination of three joint effort ways between the enrolled nurture and other interdisciplinary group to give a healthy consideration and an end. A conversation of the core values in arranging nursing care for constantly sick patients There is an expanding dependence on core values in regards to self-administration and strengthening for patients with constant conditions all inclusive (McCorkle, et al., 2011). Basically, it incorporates both the patient and the family. Self-administration empowers the patient and the family to cooperatively perform thinking about the patient with little guide from the enlisted nurture and other interdisciplinary group. Then again, persistent strengthening delineates the capacity of the patient to emphatically impact their wellbeing (Mitchell, et al., 2012). It includes improving the patient's information about their condition and inspiring them to decidedly impact their wellbeing. Resultantly, this offers ascend to very much educated patients who can enormously assume liability for their wellbeing. This surprisingly prompts improved personal satisfaction and a brought down requirement for outside help. The pertinent core values in an interminable and complex ailments setting are recorded underneath: Set up a treatment association with the patient and include other staff Utilize the five An's (evaluate, guidance, concur, help and organize) Sorting out proactive development Guarantee on care coherence Each of these is briefly talked about in setting beneath. Set up a treatment organization with the patient It is vital to start a treatment organization with incessantly debilitated patients so as to encourage their dynamic positive recuperation. This association ordinarily includes making ties with the patient and their family (Nuno, Coleman, Bengoa, Sauto, 2012). This is intended to set up a community component among these included gatherings, that is, the enlisted nurture, other significant care staff, the patient and the family. It mostly achieves cooperative energy among these gatherings. For example, Angela will require an organization including her, her little girls, the enrolled nurture and other significant care staff. This will hurry her all encompassing recuperation. Utilize the five An's (evaluate, guidance, concur, help and mastermind) These A's catch the fundamental patient angles. Surveying includes assessing the patient's discussion objectives, recognizing reasonable medicines, hazard factors and evaluating the patient's convictions, information, concerns and day by day directs identified with their ceaseless condition. Prompting remembers finishing the current holes for the patient's comprehension of their sickness. This requires the utilization of a non-judgemental and unbiased language (Parekh, Goodman, Gordon, Koh, Conditions, 2011). Concurring is likewise fundamental. It includes concurring upon objectives which mirror the patient's needs. Helping catches giving treatment especially with respect to self-administration. Masterminding includes subsequent meet-ups to screen treatment progress and stresses key messages. For instance, Angela's GP conceded her to the emergency clinic for oral prednisolone and IV anti-microbials, salbutamol, Atrovent nebulisers, and oxygen treatment to keep her SO2 above 92%. This will help in treating her condition. Arranging proactive subsequent meet-ups Proactive dynamic subsequent meet-ups delineate observing that is led on the patient before the person has finished the treatment. It might be executed at settled upon intermittent interims (Tinetti, Fried, Boyd, 2012). Such proactive subsequent meet-ups are decisively important since they empower the enrolled nurture in a joint effort with other significant interdisciplinary group to intently take note of the patient's reaction to treatment and recuperation progress. For instance, earlier subsequent meet-ups will be vital for Angela since she has not been constant in taking her medicine previously. Resultantly, this guides the enrolled attendant to wisely screen her advancement. Guarantee on care progression This includes solidly encouraging the patient that the current consideration will go on significantly after release from the medical clinic as well as after treatment to turn away any probability of backslide. For example, Angela's GP needs to guarantee her of proceeded with care significantly after her release from the medical clinic. This will help in astoundingly balancing out her ceaseless condition close by helping her to interminably decidedly impact her recuperating procedure. Advancement of a nursing care plan which includes three nursing intercessions bolstered by pertinent reason Care plans should empower and engage patients to think about themselves in their favored manner (Tinetti, Fried, Boyd, 2012). This suggests the organizations in the self-administration care encourage the patients and their families to achieve their consideration objectives their way. Accordingly, Angela's incessant obstructive pneumonic ailment (COPD) requires gigantically tireless nursing mediations. She will require nursing care both at the inpatient and outpatient (Ludman, et al., 2013). The ideal results of the nursing intercessions include: to consistent aviation route patency, show practices to upgrade aviation route leeway for example expectorate emissions, exhibit improved ventilation and enough oxygenation of tissues inside the patient's ordinary range and be calmed from respiratory misery manifestations and participate in treatment routine appropriately (Kujipers, Groen, Aaronson, Harten, 2013). Nursing Intervention one Note the nearness and level of dyspnoea dependent on perception of her ''air hunger'' and respiratory misery. Utilize a 0-10 scale Grade of Breathlessness Scale to rate her breathing trouble (Morton, Fontain, Hudak, Gallo, 2017). Check encouraging issues whenever the situation allows and recognize intense scene from interminable dyspnoea intensification. Reason There is changeability of respiratory brokenness dependent on the hidden procedure like an unfavorably susceptible response, disease and the degree of chronicity in a patient with built up COPD (Katon J., 2011). Basically, utilizing a 0-10 scale to rate dyspnoea assists with measuring and screen respiratory trouble changes. This basis helps in maintaining the core values. For instance the utilization of the five A's (survey, exhortation, concur, help and organize). Since respiratory brokenness is variation among patients, this guideline is distinctively tended to in that the five An's are utilized in taking care of the method of reasoning like surveying inconstancy and prompting on chronicity level among others. So also, the method of reasoning helps with making the essential treatment association. Nursing intercession two Prod the expectoration of sputum; when immersion or maintenance is shown (Bridges, et al., 2013). This includes urging the patient to spit the sputum the more it is created. Method of reasoning Expanded, thick, persistent, recolored, bountiful discharges are a central root of debilitated gas trade in little aviation routes. Profound suctioning can be required when a hack is inadequate for emissions expectoration (Weissman Meier, 2011). This suggests it is basic to energize profound spiting of the delivered sputum so as to free the aviation routes from the patient and thusly facilitate the breathing trouble. This is particularly when the sputum creation is recolored and of an enormous sum like on account of Angela (Katon, et al., 2012). This specific method of reasoning backings the current accepted procedures and the core values referenced above in that the work of the five An's is apparent in this justification especially prompting and helping the patient to ceaselessly spit the sputum. Moreover, the other core values are likewise tended to here for example; this justification helps in building up the conclusive treatment cooperation with the patient, family, and other car e staff. Nursing intercession three Elevate the top end or the 'leader' of the bed, help patient to take a situation to ease breathing work. Join interims of time inclined situation as permitted. Stir up pressed together lip or profound moderate breathing as exclusively required or permitted (Barry Edgman, 2012). Justification Oxygen conveyance can be improved by breathing activities and upstanding position lower aviation route breakdown, work of breathing and dyspnoea (Riegel, Jaarsma, Stromberg, 2012). Basically, ongoing examination backs the work of inclined situation to upsurge SaO2 and PaO2. This method of reasoning tends to the previously mentioned standards in a few different ways. For instance, to compose proactive subsequent meet-ups. Here, the constructive outcomes of the oxygen treatment can be seen to screen before treatment as the treatment proceeds. Also, this method of reasoning can be utilized to give confirmation on care congruity in that the treatment will go on even in the outpatient. An investigation of three joint effort ways between the enlisted nurture and other interdisciplinary group to give a healthy consideration and an end Medical attendants team up with different medical attendants and medicinal services suppliers to determine tolerant consideration challenges and to offer the ideal quality level of care to the patient or even gathering of patients (Bender, Connelly, Brown, 2013). This plainly suggests the organization of these nursing experts gives a healthy nursing care to patients. The interdisciplinary group is unavoidably valuable. Coming up next is an exact and satisfactory investigation of three different ways of such coordinated effort. The enlisted nu

Do You Wish Your Spouse Would Stop Teasing You

Do You Wish Your Spouse Would Stop Teasing You Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print Do You Wish the Teasing Would Stop? Why Does Your Spouse Tease You? By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on February 01, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on February 01, 2020 Photo: Carlos Davila/Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Even if said in jest, some jokes and some forms of teasing just arent funny. For many of you, some areas of your lives are off limits when it comes to teasing and joking. Yes, you can take a joke. Yes, you do have a sense of humor. But some jokes or teasing are just not funny. Even though you know your spouse well, your teasing can still be offensive and can hurt a relationship. Cutting remarks can wound deeply. Why Does Your Spouse Tease You? Teasing is a way of showing love and affection for some individuals.  For others, teasing is a habit and a way of interacting with people.In some cases, teasing maybe a power play or a way of trying to be the center of attention.Some people may tease to liven up a dull conversation or to try and come across as clever and funny.There are people who use teasing as a smokescreen to keep the focus on others and not on themselves.Others tease their spouse when there are others around because they think it is a safe way to say something negative theyve been wanting to say. Some psychologists believe that teasing is an important tool in building healthy relationships.?? The more satisfied a couple is with their marriage, the more playful they can become.?? However, since teasing is ambiguous, the desired effect can backfire. Additionally, people respond differently to teasing. Teasing that hurts others on purpose can be called taunting. Taunting can become bullying when it is done repeatedly, according to the AIMS Project. Teasing Guidelines Dont attack or be malicious especially when it comes to your spouses capabilities, appearance, weight, or what you perceive to be a physical flaw. It isnt funny to those who hear what youve said, and it isnt funny to your spouse.Dont overdo the humor bit. Yes, every relationship needs some fun and laughter. However, you can give too many gag gifts, make too many so-called witty remarks, tell a few too many funny stories, and engage in too much horseplay. Keep it balanced with some down to earth, real, serious conversations with your spouse.Make sure that your teasing isnt a sly or manipulative way to throw insults and put-downs at your spouse.Recognize that teasing can snowball in a relationship with one spouse wanting to top the others last remark.All of us have sensitive areas or weak spots in our self-esteem. Its not something that is readily shared. So if your spouse objects to your teasing, accept that the teasing is not liked or appreciated and knock it off! Dont try to throw i f off by saying that you were only joking or that your spouse is a poor sport. What to Do When the Teasing Doesnt Stop If you are being teased by your spouse and dont like it, say so. Assert yourself. Ask your mate, Why would you say that? or Why do you want to hurt my feelings?If teasing is a problem primarily when you are among friends, decide in advance how you want to handle the situation. Sometimes, a long stare, then walking away will get the message across. Other folks have actually left the restaurant or party and drove home figuring their spouse can figure out a way to get home on their own.When confronted later as to why you responded the way you did, the state again that the teasing wasnt funny and that you arent going to take it anymore. The key is being able to recognize good-natured, healthy teasing from teasing that attacks.?? If your spouse doesnt stop teasing when you ask, or if the teasing becomes even more vindictive and hurtful after youve discussed it, then there could be some serious problems in your marriage, including emotional abuse, that require professional help. How to Recognize Verbal Abuse

An - Annee - French Expressions

The French words un an and une annà ©e both mean year (whats the difference?) and are also used in many expressions. Learn how to say school year, the sixties, on average, and more with this list of expressions with an and annà ©e.de ___ ans (e.g., un enfant de 3 ans, une voiture de 10 ans)___-year-old (e.g., 3-year-old child, 10-year-old car)en lan ___ avant Jà ©sus-Christ(in the year) ___ BCen lan ___ de notre à ¨re(in the year) ___ ADen lan de grà ¢ce ___in the year of Our Lord ___les ans lont courbà © (literary)hes become hunched with ageavoir 25 ansto be 25 (years old)bon an mal anon averagecourbà © sous le poids des ans (literary)bent under the weight of agele jour de lAnNew Years Dayle nouvel anNew Years Day, the new yearloutrage des ans (literary)the ravages of timele premier de lanNew Years Day, the first of the yearsen moquer / sen soucier comme de lan quaranteto not care less about, to not give a darn about2 fois par an, 3 fois par an... twice a year, three times a year...br/>les annà ©es 60, 70, 80...the sixties, seventies, eighties...une annà ©e bissextileleap yearune annà ©e civilecalendar yearune annà ©e-lumià ¨relight yearune annà ©e sainteHoly yearune annà ©e scolaireschool yearBonne Annà ©e !Happy New Year!Bonne Annà ©e et bonne santà © !Happy New Year (and good health)!Cest à   des annà ©es-lumià ¨res de mes prà ©occupationsIts the last thing on my mind.Lesson: an vs annà ©e | Dates in FrenchMore: French expressions | Confusing pairs

Essay on The Issue of Same-sex Marriage - 1254 Words

It has been around there for years, in newspapers, on television and in today’s local news: gay marriage. It surely is an ethical dilemma and the dilemma shows us two sides: people are either in favour of gay marriage or they are against gay marriage. Gay marriage can be legalised by law and if not, punishment in jail could be the next step. And that is where the ethical dilemma starts. All human beings have certain needs in life, these needs could differ per individual, so as a commonly accepted model there is the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This model describes the basic human needs which also states that the most basic needs must be met before the other needs can be fulfilled. The first needs are the physiological needs. These needs†¦show more content†¦It took me a while to find a definition that did not include only ‘man and woman’ in the definition and that shocked me somehow. What is the meaning of marriage, or what does it mean to the indi viduals that get married? â€Å"Marriage (1) : the state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law (2) : the state of being united to a person of the same sex in a relationship like that of a traditional marriage same-sex marriage† (â€Å"Marriage†, 2014). The values for this case include the moral values honesty and nonviolence. In the encyclopedia, marriage is stated for man and woman to be united, recognised by law. The definition for same sex marriage it is stated as ‘a relationship like that of a traditional marriage’ what already implies that is wasn’t ‘normal’ before and the traditional marriage is an example to follow. It is a great thing to legalise marriage and for example in the United States of America this happened in 17 of the 50 states already. Also the 18th state already joined, Utah in December 2013, and more than 900 same-sex marriages took place in Utah immediately after allowing. But on January 6, 2014, â€Å"the United States Supreme Court stayed the ruling pending further appeals† (Wikipedia, 2014). The value honesty plays a big role in fulfilling gay rights. Again, it would be a very strange situation if homosexuals are not able to fulfil theirShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of S ame Sex Marriage984 Words   |  4 Pages Homosexuality is hotly debated within the United States of America when it comes to the idea of same sex-marriage. Society cannot seem to agree about whether it should be made legal or not. The views on this topic have been shaped by religion, by the 1980’s AIDS period, and by so much more. Throughout the time homosexuals fought for their rights, had to go through life wondering if their friends would survive, to bring us to today’s reality where even social media gives every individual the opportunityRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage966 Words   |  4 Pagesstudies focusing on same-sex and heterosexual couples and the challenges they experience with bringing up children. The main focus of the articles is to draw on the conclusion on same-sex couples. When dealing with families of same sex marriages you must put into consideration how families are the same and different from traditional families. In today s society man y of same-sex couples are confronted with social irregular characteristics which may cause many complex issues. The main point isRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiberties/Civil Rights Issues November 19, 2014 I†¦My chosen topic is Gay Rights- more specifically marriage equality. Public opinion in the U.S. shows the majority support for the legal recognition of same-sex marriages. This issue is more likely to be supported by women and people under 50. My thesis is that marriage equality a civil right, rights we are born with as a citizen of the U.S. which the government cannot interfere with or suppress. (Lecture Notes 8/27). Over the past decade, marriage equality hasRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesEqual marriage has always been a contentious issue in society. The legalisation of same sex marriage in New Zealand in August 2013 via the Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Act has been a source of pride for those in some parts of our society and a source of horror for those in other parts. This issue split the country, and those in power, right down the middle, with some people taking sides that didn’t necessarily align with what w ould be expected of their political leanings. The issueRead MoreThe Issue With Same Sex Marriage1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Issue with Same Sex Marriage has been debated for over a decade and we have seen conflicts of concerns regarding the rights of homosexuals. Do they have the right to same sex marriage? First must look for the level of definition from the word marriage. We must first look at the Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA), in which it states that marriage is defined as a union between one man and one woman. On July 18th, 2006, the Congressional voted on the proposed Amendment that befell onto the House ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1286 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship that is â€Å"morally right†. When speaking on gay marriage, there are typically two views. To some it is just absouletly disgusting, and then to others it’s a beautiful thing. â€Å" Opponents of Same Sex Marriage say marriage is between a man and a woman and anything else i s morally wrong( â€Å"At Issue : Same Sex Marriage†) As a human being , whose right is it to tell someone who they can and can not love. Sometimes people may disagree with gay marriage on a spiritual level, but who is to say one person’sRead MoreThe Issue With Same-Sex Marriages1568 Words   |  6 Pagesdebate about the issue of same-sex marriage. For many, it is one of the fundamental human rights to love and marry whomever one chooses. Others feel that this right should be ruled by certain moral codes and restrictions in order to maintain the basic moral fabric of Western society. Today, many critics who advocate for the legalization of same-sex marriage across the United States do so on the grounds of the fact that it will create a more equal and fair society. Same-sex marriage, or indeed simplyRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1711 Words   |  7 Pagesyear. Same-sex marriage is a debatable topic that attracts many responses from those supporting and those opposing the issue. People who dispute gay marriage believe it is morally wrong, while gay rights activists believe that all marriages be treated equally. This dispute is put into several different lights including morals, family values and religion; and those of equality, constitutionality. Section 1: The first major law that affected same-sex marriage was the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)Read MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1664 Words   |  7 Pagesconclusions which declare that every generation after the Salient Generation (1928-45) is more in favor of same-sex marriage. The primary component here is that â€Å"younger generations express higher levels of support for same-sex marriage† (Mitchell). As far as reflecting the change in attitudes, the data shows that older generations â€Å"have become more supportive of same-sex marriage in the past decade† (Mitchell). In relation to Lewis and Gossett’s research, their research aligns in their claim thatRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage931 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of same-sex marriage is an extremely controversial topic within Ireland. The discussion reached its zenith on May 28th, 2015, when the predominately Roman Catholic Republic of Ireland became the first country in the world t o legalize same-sex marriage by popular vote. Additionally, the issue divided the population of Ireland into two corners: those who were pro-family versus those who were pro-marriage. Pro-family citizens opposed the marriage equality referendum and the pro-marriage side

Dbq 12 Free Essays

I. Political situation a. Multinational 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq 12 or any similar topic only for you Order Now West – French speaking -gt; Geneva 2. East – German speaking -gt; Zurich b. Decentralized Government 1. Semi-autonomous cantons (province or state) 2. Technically part of the HRE, but functions as an independent state c. Geography and language -gt; eastern Switzerland 1st affected by protestant reformation 1. Zurich -gt; Urich Zwingli a. More radical departure from RCC doctrine + ritual b. Marburg Colloquy (1529) – Martin luther and Urich Zwingli (eucharist) Martin luther = ConsubstantiationUlrich Zwingli = body and blood of Jesus symbolic, Literal interpretation of the bible d. Geneva -gt; center of the swiss reformation from 1530 1. French-speaking part of switz 2. Led by John CALVIN II. Genevan reformation a. John Calvin wrote the Institutes of the Christian religion. 1. Calvinist formulation of prot theology b. Predestination – God has already chosen those who will be saved – â€Å"the elect† – and those who will be damned 1. Neither good works nor faith lea to salvation 2.Salvations is a question of God’s will (unknowable) and it is up to god whether or not God chooses to bestow grace on someone c. NO FREE WILL, only conformity to God’s will d. Pressure of society led Calvinists to act as though they had grace and were the â€Å"elect† 1. Outward behavior = manifestation of one’s eternal status 2. Legal code based on Calvinist morality/doctrine e. Moral transformation of society (one soul at a time) 1. Calv -gt; political resistance to centralized government f. hard work, discipline -gt; accumulation of wealth } signs of grace 1.Max Weber ( 19th c German sociologist) – â€Å"protestant work ethic† – Link between Calvinist behavior and rise of capitalism and middle class-gt; bourgeoisie g. Structure of the Genevan church. 1. Cooperation between laity (normal members of faith) and clergy (religious) 2. Consistory – the supreme governing body of Geneva – Responsible for enactment and enforcement of Calvinist laws, basically the maintenance of morality in Geneva h. Geneva was a â€Å"free city† -gt; (1) a haven for persecuted Protestants 2) laws against wife beating III. Calvinism in Europe a. Wider appeal than Lutheranism b. French-speaking Switzerland c. France -gt; Huguenots-gt; minority but influential and powerful d. Bohemia (modern day Czech republic) – in HRE BUT (1) Calvinism is illegal (2)Catholic Hapsburg overlord e. Palatinate – HRE – election state f. Scotland – Presbyterians – John Knox g. England – Puritans II. Lutheranism in Europe a. Northern HRE b. Denmark c. Norway d. Sweden -gt; Major power in 17th century How to cite Dbq 12, Papers

Politics and English Language

Table of Contents Introduction Decline of English Language Politics and English Language Improving the Language Works Cited Introduction English language, unlike other languages, is very strict in its usage. According to Taylor (4), English language has faced a lot of transformation over time. Several factors have contributed to this evolution of this language. This scholar states that this language is the second most spoken language in the world after Chinese. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics and English Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different groups of people will speak this language differently based on their place of birth and the first language. The way words are pronounced by different individuals from different parts of the world clearly demonstrates this variation. Some of the variations are so big that one may fail to understand what another speaker is saying. This is s ometimes worsened by the fact that some people consider introducing their first language into English, creating what Meyers (3) refers to as slung. This is very common in the political language. This study focuses on the works of George Orwell about the use and misuse of the language titled â€Å"Politics and the English Language.† George Orwell has carefully analyzed the use of English language both it its written and spoken form. In this article, Orwell brings out the fact that English language is constantly deteriorating as the world globalizes. Although this is the second most spoken language in the world, it is always seen as the most important language in the world. It may be because of this reason that there has been a massive attempt by individuals from around the world to get an understanding of this language. As civilization continues around the world, the language is getting worse with each passing day. It is of concern that the society seem to be comfortable with this distortion. Orwell laments, â€Å"It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light or hansom cabs to aeroplanes† . He says that the society has become so accustomed to this poor language that it has become impossible to persuade them out of it. An attempt to convince people to desist from the language is like telling them to avid what is considered trendier. That is why Orwell is comparing this emerging English language to an electric light and the traditional English language to a candle. Decline of English Language It is a fact that as the world globalizes, there is increased number of people speaking this language. However, this does not mean that the language spoken in these areas are not Standard English. Advertising Looking for research paper on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, there has been a consistent decli ne in the standard language. This distortion of the language may be because of some little ignorance that was ignored when they first appeared in this language. According to Orwell, the effect of a distorted language seems to be the cause of further distortion of the language. This scholar says that some individuals resign to their fate. He says, â€Å"A man may take to drink because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the more completely because he drinks.† Orwell compares a man who uses the effect of a little failure in the English language as a reason to the deterioration of both spoken and written English. An individual will consider him or herself a failure and therefore use failure as an excuse to the deterioration of spoken English. Like a drunkard, the effect will be used to compound the whole process. Orwell says that misuse of the language is common even in the media. He says that it is common to hear and read substandard language in media. The misu se of the language has become so serious that it is currently finding its way into the classrooms. This scholar says a number of ways in which individuals in various capacities are dodging the Standard English in their speech and writings exist. The report by Larkin (12) supports the argument of this scholar. This scholar says that media has been one of the leading sources of distortion of the language. This scholar says that misuse of the language is common to both the media presenters and reporters, and the people they bring to the media. This scholar brings to focus an incident that hit the headlines of many newspapers and televisions around the world. A reporter in a West African country was reporting on an accident. The reporter said, â€Å"They are in furu furu condition† to mean that the individuals spoken about were drunk. What this reporter wanted to say was that the individuals were in full full condition, which in its improved form, is still not a Standard Englis h. This incident was a perfect demonstration of how an effect can be a perfect cause of a phenomenon. Because this report was listened to over the radios, television and the print media, it became a common terms, almost a clichà © within a very short period. Instead of saying that an individual is drunk, one would say that the individual is in full condition. The expression ‘full condition’ in this case has been given a completely new meaning that did not exist before. This is what George Orwell is describing as a ‘verbal false limb’. They slowly get into the mainstream language and like cancer, the get accepted and steadily displace the traditional English expressions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics and English Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Politics and English Language According to Orwell, there is a close link between language flaws and politics. In politics, there is always the pressure to impress the audience. One is always forced to use the power of word in order to convince the audience that he is the best. This shows that when such an individual is offered an opportunity, he will be able to tackle most of their problems. To do this, diction is very important. A politician will always try to show a mastery of language by using very complex and flowery language. Simile and metaphors become very vital, and any extra word or expression that will make the sentence more flowery is always welcome. According to Orwell, â€Å"Phrases like a not unjustifiable assumption, leaves much to be desired, would serve no good purpose, a consideration which we should do well to bear in mind, are a continuous temptation, a packet of aspirins always at one’s elbow.† In traditional English, there is always a rule that one should avoid double negatives in a sentence. The phrase above does not observe this. The expression â€Å"not and unjustifiable† as it appears above is not a Standard English. This is because the sentence can be simplified further as justifiable. However, when people in authority make such statements, they become easily acceptable. They always infiltrate the academic sector first. Students who consider these leaders as their role model will start using such language without the knowledge that such expressions are not standard. This clearly demonstrates the fact that there is a direct relationship between politics and the language. According to Orwell, politics has become so entrenched in the society that â€Å"there is no such thing as keeping out of politics.† Our society is defined by politics. Orwell says that language and politics is closely connected both directly and indirectly. Orwell laments that politics a large mass of lies, folly, evasion, and hatred. Because of the evasive nature of the language, it becomes convenient for them to come up with a language that is e vasive to help hide their intention. They have to find a way of expressing statements in a way that does not reveal their real intention. The language they use become so entrenched in the society that they become part of people. According to the report by Hitchens (17), the sentiments of Orwell are valid. Politics has redefined the way some of the phrases are made. This scholar emphasizes the elusiveness and deceitful nature of politics and politicians. This scholar says that in politics, people may be forced to say statements that they do not mean. Advertising Looking for research paper on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At times, this scholar says that politicians are found in dilemma where they have to address an issue that is considered controversial. When a politician is faced with a situation that will demand that he makes a choice between two issues, and the choice comes with some form of consequences, the politician will always try to gamble and win both factions. To achieve this, it will force such a politician to use a language that will be pleasant to both sides. This may involve coming up with a language that will make his opinion or choice appear to appease both sides. This creates a scenario where no straightforward statements that can help express opinion of an individual exist. Improving the Language English as a language has become very common. A large number of people around the world speak it and many more are aspiring to know the language. Language is an important tool of communication. It is also a fact that languages also undergo evolution that may make them change in a way tha t reflects the current society. This is especially so as technology keeps on bringing new items and phenomenon that must find a name and an expression. However, it is important to develop the traditional language based on the emerging trends in the society. When one decides to replace the traditional expressions, words or sentences with others that crop up spontaneously, then the language will lose its meaning. An individual from the United States may not be able to communicate with another from Britain because the two speak different languages while still claiming to speak English language. To do this, it is important for an individual to avoid usage of similes and metaphors or other figurative languages that may be common in the media. An individual should also avoid using long words where short words can be used. Above all, one should avoid sentences that do not make sense even to themselves. This is the only way the language can be protected. Works Cited Bounds, Philip. Orwell and Marxism: The Political and Cultural Thinking of George Orwell. New York: I.B. Tauris, 2009. Print. Hitchens, Christopher. Why Orwell Matters. New York: Basic Books, 2003. Print. Larkin, Emma. Secret Histories: Finding George Orwell in a Burmese Teashop. New York: Penguin, 2005. Print. Meyers, Jeffery. Orwell: Wintry Conscience of a Generation. New York: W.W.Norton, 2000. Print. Taylor, Derrick. Orwell: The Life. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2003. Print. This research paper on Politics and English Language was written and submitted by user Albert Coffey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Batman vs. the Joker Essays

Batman vs. the Joker Essays Batman vs. the Joker Essay Batman vs. the Joker Essay The Oak Grove Football Stadium on Game Night Everyone has the basic psychological need of belonging and purpose. I satisfied this need by supporting my school in the Warrior Stadium every game night. It was in that stadium where I would quench my thirsts for brotherhood and companionship. It was a place of refuge for me. I could escape from drama and peer conflict, into a bigger and broader conflict between rivalries older than myself. In the Oak Grove Stadium we could all Join together In support of the team we loved ND stand united against our challengers. Whether we won or lost we did so together as a community and school. It was there that I learned some of lifes most valuable lessons. The Warrior Stadium on game night was, and still Is, a very special place to me. The band was always the first part oaf games opening ceremony. We would always line up outside the band hall and march into the stadium from there. A drum-tap-off would begin to ready the drum-line and then the booming cadence would begin and with It the band would start the march, In time and simultaneously. The feel of the hard paved road was painful for the first step but when we neared the stadium it began to get less noticeable as my mind entered a state of complete concentration. We marched In as one, never stopping to let the traffic or spectators pass through our line. The lines for the tickets led out Into the road and often as far as the parking lot. A traffic director would always halt the vehicles passing beside the stadium so nothing could interfere with our line. The gates to the field would always be ready ND open on either side of the field, awaiting the band to pass through them on both sides of the field. The drum lines booming cadence was, like our Impenetrable line. Unrelenting and the sounds from the mass of people could barely be heard. As we passed through the gates and on to the field, cheers would rumble the stadium from our supporters with pride. The opposing schools band, already seated on the visitor side, would scowl and Jeer at us as we marched. Sometime even throwing trash at us. UT we showed our pride and excellence by not reacting to their unsportsmanlike-like induct. The feel of the turf was pleasing in comparison to the rough pavement but for the small, black rubber pieces that would hop into our shoes at every step. We moved silently into position on the sidelines as the drum line ended the cadence with a final booming note. Then the whistles from the drum majors would sound, letting us know that it was time to begin the prename show. The march onto the field was one of high-tempo which would bring a heightened since of excitement to the entire structure. Finally In our spots on the field, the whistles would sound once again to signal the beginning of prename. We always began prename with the short fan-fare, followed by our prename tune. 1 OFF Ana teen our almost Ana notational anthem we De sung Dye our c lour n . Nine silence over the field and since of respect was stifling during the songs, and slowly the flag was raised by the Delta Squad. Once the choir was finished, cheers would erupt from the home side of the stadium that showed every ounce of our passion and excitement for the game which would soon begin.

ACT Prep for ESL and Bilingual Students

ACT Prep for ESL and Bilingual Students SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Unless a 4 year college has a test flexible policy, it requires the ACT or SAT from all its applicants. Since the ACT is meant to measure your academic skills for college classes that will be taught in English, there's no option for ACT dual language or ACT instructions in another language. ESL and bilingual students have to take the ACT for many colleges. In a lot of cases, they have to take the TOEFL or IELTS, as well, to demonstrate their English language proficiency. The ACT is a tough test for all students, and its time and verbal demands make it especially challenging for English language learners. Luckily, prepping for the ACT, once you have sufficient English language skills, can go a long way toward improving your scores. Let's go over what the ACT is all about and what you can do to get ready. What's Tested on the ACT? If you're looking for an ACT ESL or ACT in Spanish version, unfortunately you're out of luck. There's no option for ACT dual language for bilingual students. Having limited English proficiency doesn't count as a reason to get extended time, either. Only students with a documented disability may be approved for time accommodations. The ACT has four sections, all of them in English: English, Math, Reading, and Science. They always come in that order. There's also the option of taking the ACT with Writing, which adds a 30 minute essay at the end. A lot of non-native English speakers prefer the ACT to the SAT for a few reasons. One is that the essay is not required and not a part of the overall score, unlike on the current SAT. A second reason is that the ACT doesn't test as advanced, high level vocabulary as the SAT. Finally, a lot of students appreciate that the ACT has a Science section, which is more quantitative and less heavy on verbal skills. The English section tests your knowledge of grammar rules and structure. You'll have to identify and fix sentence errors within paragraphs, along with rearranging ideas for a more logical organization. The Math tests pre-algebra, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry and comes in one long 60 minute section. After Math is the Reading section. Reading presents passages and asks questions about main purpose, vocabulary, and inferences, among others. Finally, the Science section asks about biology, chemistry, physics, and earth sciences, but focuses less on facts and more on reasoning and interpretation skills within the field of natural sciences. It doesn't test very advanced content knowledge, so you may have all the scientific background you need by 9th or 10th grade. Because of the Science section's emphasis on skills of interpretation and reasoning, it's sometimes likened to the Reading section even more than to the Math. Even so, a lot of ESL students find they can score more highly on the Math and Science sections. The ACT is a time intensive, fast-paced test. You'll have to answer a lot of questions under limited time. this means you also have to have the language skills to answer questions accurately and quickly. The good news is that the test is very coachable, and preparation goes a long way. Before starting to prep, you should ask yourself, What's my English level? Am I ready to start prepping for the ACT? First step: measure your ESL level. What's Your English Level? What would you consider your level of English to be, beginner, intermediate, or advanced? Apart from your level in your classes at school, another way to measure your English skills is by taking the TOEFL. Many ACT experts agree that you aren't ready to start prepping for the ACT until you've scored between an 80 and 90 on the TOEFL. The minimum TOEFL score I've seen colleges require is a 79, while an Ivy League school like Yale requires at least 100. While ACT prep is essential and can help you achieve large score improvements, you have to have enough knowledge of the language to prep effectively. Let's look at what you can do to prepare yourself at each of these three levels. If you're High Beginner or High Intermediate, you can take advice from both sections and determine which approach best applies to you. ACT Prep for Beginner English Language Learners If you're in beginner level ESL, then you're probably not ready quite yet to start prepping for the ACT or to go directly into college level courses. You should focus on improving your English language reading, writing, listening, and speaking. You can begin to familiarize yourself with what's tested on the ACT, and that way you can make sure to learn relevant information, like math terms and grammar rules. Overall, the best approach you can take at this level is to continue learning English. If you're already a senior in high school, you might consider an ESL bridge program. A lot of colleges, like UMass Boston, University of New Hampshire, and Roger Williams, offer programs for ESL students to study English before moving into the undergraduate program. Another option is enrolling in community college, which may require the TOEFL but won't ask for the ACT. You can keep improving your English there and gaining college credits. When you're ready, you can then transfer to a 4-year college. In the end, your diploma will be from the 4-year college. As a beginner ESL student, you should contine building up your vocabulary, reading comprehension, writing skills, and knowledge of English idioms. Once you approach the intermediate and high intermediate level, you can begin to do more focused prep for the ACT. Start early to give your skills time to grow. ACT Prep for Intermediate English Language Learners If you're an intermediate ELL, then you could benefit from some ACT prep, but still will have challenges with English, Reading, and, if you choose to take it, essay section. If you want a more precise measure of your readiness, you might take the TOEFL or try sample TOEFL questions to see if you make that benchmark of 80 to 90. The first step in prep should be familiarizing yourself with exactly what's tested on the ACT. What do you need to know for the English, Math, Reading, and Science sections? Find out about the types of questions, what the instructions say, and how much time you have. Eventually, learn about strategies to save time and narrow down your answer choices. As I mentioned above, ESL students typically score higher on the Math and Science sections than on the English and Reading. For these sections, you want to make sure you've learned the content, like geometry and trigonometry, as well as brush up on your math and science vocabulary. You may be a whiz at trigonometry, but if you don't understand what a question is asking, you won't be able to show it. Native and non-native English speakers prepping for the ACT should focus their prep on the areas where they need it most. If reading comprehension and essay writing are most challenging for you, then spend the most amount of time reviewing, practicing, and going over your mistakes in those sections. For the English section, study grammar rules and read as much as you can with an eye for structure and organization of ideas. Another way you can root out your strong areas and weak points is by taking official ACT practice tests. Score them and find out where you did well and where you need to improve. Most intermediate students will still have a tough time scoring highly on the ACT, as it really requires advanced English skills. Your prep can help you improve both your performance on the ACT and your English at the same time. While you prep, though, you want to make sure you're using the most effective method. Let's consider the options. Choose the method of test prep that will best get you from Point A to Point B. Methods of ACT Prep for Intermediate Students There are a few main methods of prep for the ACT: self-studying with books, classes, online prep programs like PrepScholar, and one-on-one tutoring. Of these four methods, I would only recommend the last two for intermediate ESL students, online programs and one-on-one tutoring. The ACT is a challenging test, and coming up with and sticking to a study plan is tough as well. With books, you don't know if you're tackling the material in the best way. You also will probably run into confusion and not have anyone to help clear it up. A major part of test prep is reading through answer explanations and analyzing your mistakes. If you're unsure why you made a mistake, then you won't learn for next time. Instead, you'll repeat it over and over. The problem with classes is that few are geared toward ESL students. They move at too fast a pace and don't offer a ton of individualized attention. A class could end up discouraging you more than it teaches you. With online programs and one-on-one tutoring, you have the help and explanations you need. PrepScholar's program starts with a diagnostic pre-test, and then customizes the curriculum and study plan to best meet your needs. You'll know exactly how to prep, use high quality material, and have access to lots of strategies. Plus you'll get feedback on ACT essays. Tutors can also customize curriculum for you. The best ones have experience working with ESL students. The limitation here is the cost of tutoring, the skill of the tutor, and potentially infrequent meetings. With an online program, you can access it anytime you have internet. Prep takes a lot of time, dedication, and structure to do well. If possible, you should start a year or two out and leave yourself time to take the ACT more than once. Finally, this brings us to ESL students who are in the advanced level and/or fluent. How should advanced ESL students prep for the ACT? ACT Prep for Advanced English Language Learners The ACT is a demanding test for native and non-native speakers of English. Advanced ESL students sometimes have an advantage over native English speakers, because they usually explicity study the grammar rules and conventions of English. If this sounds like you, this technical understanding can help you out a lot on the English section. As an advanced student, you should start by learning about the ACT and then taking a practice test. Score your test and find out where you need the most prep. Take the time to thoroughly understand your mistakes and find ways to fill in your gaps in knowledge. While you shouldn't leave out studying for the Math and Science sections, you probably want to focus especially on English and Reading. Outside of using ACT materials, you should read widely to continuously improve your reading comprehension and ability to understand the meaning of vocabulary words in context. ACT Word of the Day and ACT Question of the Day are also a convenient way to gradually build up your knowledge. Advanced ESL students may benefit more than intermediate students from self-studying with books and in classes, but I'd still recommend online programs or tutoring to have that extra element of support. Not only will these last two options offer you help, feedback, and a customized plan, but you'll also get, at least with PrepScholar, feedback on practice essays. ACT essay scorers are looking for as few errors as possible in grammar, structure, and spelling. If you score highly enough on the Reading and English sections, then yourcolleges might waive the TOEFL requirement. For instance, Johns Hopkins waives the TOEFL if you achieve the high ACT bilingual scores of 30+ on both sections. Check with admissions offices to make sure you understand exactly what tests are expected of you as an ESL student, even if you're already fluent and took only one ESL course in high school. Determine your target ACT scores early and start reviewing content and learning new strategies. Read on for a possible game plan for your study schedule. Make a Plan for Your ACT Prep Consider how much time you have and your budget for test prep, along with what method works best with your study style. I recommend finding that extra support, if financially possible, that comes with an online program or a qualified, experienced tutor. The extra help and explanations you'll get will be a huge help in improving your scores. Based on your English level and potential colleges, you can figure out your target scores by section and composite score. Weigh the amount of time you have against the available test dates. Remember that the fall of senior year is probably your last chance to test ahead of college deadlines. To give yourself a lot of time to prep and retest, you could take the ACT for the first time in the spring of sophomore year after studying a few hours each week throughout the year. Unless you're satisifed with your scores, you could study more intensively over the summer and take it again in the fall of junior year. Then you might have about two more chances to test, in the spring of junior year and fall of senior year. There are more test dates in between, but you shouldn't have to take the official ACT many more times than this. You'd be better served putting your time into studying and taking practice tests. This schedule might be too early if you haven't learned the algebra, geometry, trigonometry, or lab skills yet to tackle the Math and Science sections. Again, familiarize yourself with the test to know if you have the content knowledge to understand the material. All of this prep for the ACT will help you not just earn the test scores you need for college, but also further sharpen your English language and study skills. All of this will help you succeed once you reach the college level. What's Next? We have a ton of free resources for ACT prep and strategies for students at all scoring levels. Check out these guides and explore the many more articles we have to help you excel on the ACT! The 21 ACT Tips You Should Be Using Today How Science/Math People Can Do Well on ACT Reading The Ultimate Study Guide for ACT Science: Tips, Practice, and Strategies The Complete Prep Guide for ACT Reading The Full Study Guide for ACT English What ACT Target Score Should You Be Aiming For? How to Stop Running Out of Time on ACT Math The Best Way to Approach the ACT Reading Passage ACT Writing Tips: 15 Strategies to Raise Your Essay Score Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

MANY TIMES NOVELS,MOVIES HAVE LIFE CHANGING EFFECTS ON THEIR Movie Review

MANY TIMES NOVELS,MOVIES HAVE LIFE CHANGING EFFECTS ON THEIR AUDIENCE.EXPLAIN HOW A SPECIFIC OR NOVEL HAS HAD A POSTIVE EFFECT ON YOUR LIFE - Movie Review Example Upon being released to video, and then later DVD, many stores refused to carry it for sale or rent, including Blockbuster and Walmart. It has been my experience that most people who hold an opinion of this movie hold an opinion based upon the controversy it generated rather than the content of the film itself. Since this seems a less than progressive way to form an opinion, I decided to watch it and form an opinion based on what the movie seems to be about to me. The Last Temptation of Christ has had a lasting effect upon my life not only for its content, but as a method of showing that misinformed public opinion can have a lasting and damaging effect upon works of art that extend into time and form. The protest against the film centers around the supposedly blasphemous qualities it contains, including Jesus marrying and having children. Indeed, the film does feature a section in which Jesus marries and has children. But far from being blasphemous, these scenes highlight Jesus' sacred qualities because they take place within a vision-His last temptation on the cross. The point of the movie is that Jesus denies the temptation and accepts his mission as messiah. In other words, Jesus is heroic! Far from being blasphemous, the film is actually quite conservative in its adherence to religious dogma.

Controversy in the movie The Birth of a Nation and how it effected Essay

Controversy in the movie The Birth of a Nation and how it effected Jazz and blues for that time period - Essay Example The movie was in controversy even during its making and Griffith could release it after he took permission from the court. The NAACP even managed to have some of the movie's harshest scenes deleted particularly a scene proposing that blacks be sent back to Africa to keep the nation free from these violent and brutish forces (africanamericans.com par 5). The Birth of a Nation: Scenes that provoked protests: The controversial scenes from movie have incited racial crimes, protests and till date the screening of movie faces difficulties. The scene where a former black slave crudely proposes Fiona, A white girl and daughter of Cameron family. She turns down the proposal and runs into the forest. Gus pursues her and when the girl is trapped, seeing no way out she jumps to death to avoid being raped. The Klansmen search Gus, lynch him and leave the corpse at the doorstep of Silas Lynch. The Blacks are shown as violent, sexual miscreants in the movie, which enraged people. In yet another scene The Mulatto leader, Silas Lynch, who was governor to South, forces Elsie, the daughter of his mentor Austin Stoneman, to marry him. He traps her on her refusal and when Klansmen come to know his designs they ride to rescue her. Incidentally the rescue of Elsie is the highlight of movie as well. Here two sequences run parallel viz. Klansmen riding to rescue the girl and Lynch's military searching for Cameron boys and other Klansmen. There are other scenes where the whites of north are sheltered for 'Aryan Birthright' by Whites of south though they had been enemies earlier in the civil war (in Birth of a Nation by Griffith). The portrayal of the Klan in the movie also created a firestorm of controversy. In the movie, they are the heroes, saving their community from the violent, bloodthirsty Negroes. The movie is accused of reactivating the dormant Klan. The movie ends with the suppression of the black threat to white society by the glorified Ku Klux Klan (KKK). Which helped to subside some of America's fears about the rise of defiant, strong and sexual black men and the repeal of laws forbidding interracial marriage. The 'birth' (Shortened from full name of the movie) made many critics to Griffith's work so he made a sequel, almost equally magnificent four story epic about human intolerance titled Intolerance (1916). A group of i ndependent black filmmakers replied with director Emmett J. Scott's The Birth of a Race in 1919, A film to counterbalance the impact of Griffith's masterpiece, to show a more positive image of African-Americans, but it could not attract much public attention. Instead, black filmmaker Oscar Micheaux's first film, the feature-length The Homesteader (1919), and Within Our Gates (1919) proved more effective in rectifying the black image projected in Griffith's film (Dirk par 8). The controversies about 'The Birth of a Nation': In its absolutely idolized presentation of the KKK as heroes and Southern blacks as antisocial elements threatening to destroy the society by their violent behavior. Blacks were shown as villains and rapists. The

Movie Version of Grapes Of Wrath - The People and the Depression :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

Movie: The Grapes Of Wrath - The people and the Depression In the movie The grapes of Wrath, the Joads undergo the hit of the depression, they have to leave their farm. They go to California for jobs, but find there are few jobs, and it pays little, or at least less then what they were told. The government tried to start programs to house and employ people like the Joads. Since the people who already lived in the cities in which these developments were put didn't want them there anyway, they tried to start a riot and have the police Arrest them. Although in the movie the plan was foiled, it could have worked in many other places, or the towns folk could have just created a lynch mob, and eventually the people living in the development would leave. I believe that the economic situation of the country has a great effect on the fall, or succession of people like the Joads, but I don't believe government programs will effect them at all. For example, the great depression was a major economical event, and it greatly effected more then just people like the Joads, but programs like the public works administration which employed people for government construction projects. Another program, the Works Progress Administration, later called the Works Projects Administration was created to develop relief programs, and to keep a person's skills. From 1935- 1943, it employed 8 million people, and spent 11 billion dollars. But in 1939, there were still 9.5 million still unemployed. Another program was the Civilian Conservation Corps. Unemployed, unmarried young men were enlisted to work on conservation and resource-development projects such as soil conservation, flood control, and protection of forests and wildlife. These men were provided with food, lodging, and other necessities, and were given a small monthly salary. Another program was the CWA, the civil works administration. It employed more then 4 million workers to build and repair roads, and teach in schools, were just a couple of the jobs. Some of these programs would work temporarily, but eventually there would be no more work to do, or the government would run out of funds. All these programs were hated by some, and loved by others, and some just didn't care. The business men that were lucky enough not to lose everything, and the other employees working in the cities who still had jobs during the depression didn't like these new programs. In the movie, The Grapes Of Wrath, The towns people didn't like the government funded version of a "Hooverville".

The Alien and Sedition Acts 1798

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 challenged the Bill of Rights, but ultimately led to a new American definition of freedom of speech and the press. When John Adams succeeded George Washington as president in 1797, the Federalist Party had controlled Congress and the rest of the national government from the beginning of the new nation. Adams and the other Federalists believed that their political party was the government. The Federalists believed that once the people had elected their political leaders, no one should publicly criticize them.The Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton, aimed to create a stable and secure country, safe for business and wealthy men of property. The opposition Democratic-Republican Party was bitterly opposed to the Federalists. Led by Thomas Jefferson, it tended to represent poor farmers, craftsmen, and recent immigrants. (The party was commonly referred as the Republicans or Jeffersonians. It was the forerunner of today's Democratic Party. ) In fo reign affairs, the Federalists detested the French Revolution of 1789 because it led to mob rule and confiscation of property.The Republicans supported the French Revolution for its democratic ideals. In 1794, President Washington negotiated a treaty with England to settle outstanding differences between the two countries. The resulting improvement in American-English relations angered the revolutionary French leaders, who were enemies of the English. In the election of 1796, Federalist John Adams won the most electoral votes to become president. Republican Thomas Jefferson came in second, which made him vice-president. (The 12th Amendment later changed this election method, requiring separate electoral ballots for president and vice-president.) Shortly after becoming president, Adams sent diplomats to France to smooth over the bad feelings. But three French representatives—dubbed X, Y, and Z—met secretly with the U. S. diplomats and demanded $10 million in bribes to t he French government to begin negotiations. When the Americans refused, Mr. X threatened the United States with the â€Å"power and violence of France. † News of the â€Å"XYZ Affair† enraged most Americans. Many Federalists immediately called for war against France. President Adams, however, only proposed war preparations and a land tax to pay for them.On the defensive, Republicans spoke out against the â€Å"war fever. † Neither the United States nor France ever declared war. But the Federalists increasingly accused Jefferson and the Republicans of being a traitorous â€Å"French Party. † A leading Federalist newspaper proclaimed to the nation, â€Å"He that is not for us, is against us. † ? The Alien Acts Rumors of a French invasion and enemy spies frightened many Americans. President Adams warned that foreign influence within the United States was dangerous and must be â€Å"exterminated.† The Federalist majority in Congress quickly pass ed four laws in 1798 to make the United States more secure from alien (foreign) spies and domestic traitors. Most of these laws, however, were also intended to weaken Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party. The first law, the Naturalization Act, extended the time immigrants had to live in the United States to become citizens from five to 14 years. Since most immigrants favored the Republicans, delaying their citizenship would slow the growth of Jefferson's party.The Alien Enemies Act provided that once war had been declared, all male citizens of an enemy nation could be arrested, detained, and deported. If war had broken out, this act could have expelled many of the estimated 25,000 French citizens then living in the United States. But the country did not go to war, and the law was never used. The Alien Friends Act authorized the president to deport any non-citizen suspected of plotting against the government during either wartime or peacetime. This law could have resulted in the m ass expulsion of new immigrants.The act was limited to two years, but no alien was ever deported under it. The fourth law was the Sedition Act. Its provisions seemed directly aimed at those who spoke out against the Federalists. ? The Sedition Act In general, sedition means inciting others to resist or rebel against lawful authority. In England, â€Å"seditious libel† prohibited virtually any criticism of the king or his officials. English common law held that any spoken or written words that found fault with the king's government undermined the respect of the people for his authority. The U. S.Sedition Act first outlawed conspiracies â€Å"to oppose any measure or measures of the government. † Going further, the act made it illegal for anyone to express â€Å"any false, scandalous and malicious writing† against Congress or the president. Significantly, the act did not specifically protect the vice-president who, of course, was Jefferson. Additional language pun ished any spoken or published words that had â€Å"bad intent† to â€Å"defame† the government or to cause the â€Å"hatred† of the people toward it. These definitions of sedition were more specific than those found in English common law.Even so, they were still broad enough to punish anyone who criticized the federal government, its laws, or its elected leaders. Unlike English common law, the Sedition Act allowed â€Å"the truth of the matter† to be a defense. The act also left it to the jury to decide if a defendant had â€Å"bad intent. † Penalties for different provisions of the law ranged from six months to five years in prison and a fine of up to $5,000 (more than $100,000 in today's dollars). The Republican minority in Congress argued that sedition laws violated the First Amendment to the U. S.Constitution, which protects freedom of speech and the press. The Federalists countered by defining these freedoms in the narrow English manner. Accor ding to English law, free speech and press only applied before the expression of ideas. The government could not censor or stop someone from expressing ideas. But after the words had been spoken or printed, the government could punish people if they had maliciously defamed the king or his government. The Federalist majority in Congress passed the Sedition Act and President Adams signed it into law on July 14, 1798.It was set to expire on March 3, 1801, the last day of the first and—as it turned out—only presidential term of John Adams. ? The Attack on the Republicans Secretary of State Timothy Pickering was in charge of enforcing the Alien and Sedition Acts. He immediately began to read as many Republican newspapers as he could, looking for evidence of sedition against President Adams and Congress. In October 1798, a Vermont Republican congressman, Matthew Lyon, became the first person to be put on trial under the Sedition Act. Like most Republicans, Lyon opposed going to war against France and objected to the land tax to pay for war preparations.Lyon wrote a letter published in a Republican newspaper, criticizing President Adams for â€Å"a continued grasp for power. † He also read aloud at several public meetings a letter written by poet Joel Barlow who jokingly wondered why Congress had not ordered Adams to a madhouse. A federal grand jury indicted Lyon for intentionally stirring up hatred against President Adams. Unable to find a defense attorney for his trial, Lyon defended himself. The U. S. marshal, a Federalist appointee, assembled a jury from Vermont towns that were Federalist strongholds.Lyon attempted to prove the truth of the words he wrote and spoke, as permitted by the Sedition Act. This meant that the burden of proof was on him. Lyon had to prove the words in question were true rather than the prosecutor having to prove them false. Lyon also argued that he was only expressing his political opinions, which should not be subje ct to the truth test. The jury found Lyon guilty of expressing seditious words with â€Å"bad intent. † The judge, also a Federalist, sentenced him to four months in jail, a $1,000 fine, and court costs. Lyon ran for re-election to Congress from his jail cell and won.Vermont supporters petitioned President Adams to release and pardon him, but Adams refused. When Lyon was released from jail, he was welcomed as a hero in his Vermont hometown. He was cheered along the route he took when he journeyed to Congress. Once Lyon returned to Congress, the Federalists tried to expel him as a convicted criminal, but this effort failed. Thirteen more indictments were brought under the Sedition Act, mostly against editors and publishers of Republican newspapers. While some Republican newspapers were forced to close down, many others were intimidated not to criticize the government.One Republican was convicted of sedition for publishing a pro-Jefferson campaign pamphlet that accused Presiden t Adams of appointing corrupt judges and ambassadors. Two men were found guilty of raising a â€Å"liberty pole† and putting a sign on it that said, â€Å"Downfall to the Tyrants of America. † Another was arrested, but never tried, for circulating a petition to repeal the Alien and Sedition Acts themselves. A drunk was fined $150 for insulting President Adams. In the most bizarre case, the Federalists in the U. S. Senate formed a special committee to investigate a Republican editor, William Duane.Republicans had leaked to him a Federalist proposal to change how presidential electoral votes were counted. Duane had printed the law and written editorials denouncing it. When summoned to the Senate to face charges of writing â€Å"false, scandalous, defamatory, and malicious assertions,† he went into hiding and secretly continued writing for his newspaper. ? Elections of 1800 Although the Federalists hoped the Act would muffle the opposition, many Democratic-Republic ans still â€Å"wrote, printed, uttered and published† their criticisms of the Federalists.Indeed, they strongly criticized the act itself, and used it as one of the largest election issues. It also had enormous implications on the Federalist Party after that point, and ended up being a major contributing factor of its demise. The act expired when the term of President Adams ended in 1801. Ultimately the Acts backfired against the Federalists; while they prepared lists of aliens for deportation, and many aliens fled the country during the debate over the Alien and Sedition Acts, Adams never signed a deportation order.Twenty-five people, primarily prominent newspaper editors but also Congressman Matthew Lyon, were arrested. Of them, eleven were tried (one died while awaiting trial), and ten were convicted of sedition, often in trials before openly partisan Federalist judges. Federalists at all levels, however, were turned out of power, and, over the following years, Congress r epeatedly apologized for, or voted recompense to victims of, the enforcement of the Alien and Sedition Acts. Thomas Jefferson, who won the 1800 election, pardoned all of those that were convicted for crimes under the Alien Enemies Act and the Sedition Act.? A New Definition of Free Speech and Press The Alien and Sedition Acts provoked a debate between Republican and Federalist state legislatures over freedom of speech and the press. In a resolution he wrote for the Virginia legislature, James Madison argued that the Sedition Act attacked the â€Å"right of freely examining public characters and measures, and of free communication among the people. † In heavily Federalist Massachusetts, state legislators responded that a sedition law was â€Å"wise and necessary† to defend against secret attacks by foreign or domestic enemies.The Federalists in Congress issued a report accepting the old English common law definition of free speech and press. It argued that the First Ame ndment only stopped the government from censoring beforehand any speeches or writings. The government, argued the Federalists, should be able to protect itself from false and malicious words. Congressman John Nichols, a Republican from Virginia, challenged this Federalist view. He asserted that Americans must have a free flow of information to elect leaders and to judge them once they were in office.Nichols asked why government, which should be critically examined for its policies and decisions, should have the power to punish speakers and the press for informing the voters. In the end, the people settled this debate in 1800 by electing Thomas Jefferson president and a Republican majority to Congress. In his inaugural address, Jefferson confirmed the new definition of free speech and press as the right of Americans â€Å"to think freely and to. ? References- 1. Rocco Donofrio, Kathleen A. Hunter, â€Å"THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS, 1798 AND 1799†, www. nhps.net/consortium/TAHEL2 B/TAH%20Vol2B/LESSONPLANEIGHTEEN. pdf 2. Dr. Tom Ward, â€Å"We The People†, cte. rockhurst. edu/FileUploads/We%20The%20People. pdf 3. Gordon T. Belt, â€Å"The Sedition Act of 1798†, www. firstamendmentcenter. org/PDF/Sedition_Act_cases. pdf 4. Michael E. Parrish, â€Å"American Legal and Constitutional History I: Colonial era to civil War†, www. helsinki. fi/hum/renvall/pam/teaching_old/2006_autumn_legal. pdf 5. U. S. Government, â€Å"The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798† ntranet. dalton. org/hs/History/AmericanHistory/pdf_supplimental/2_09alien_and_sedition_acts. pdf

Essay about Wonderful life of Kay Buell - 1489 Words

The Wonderful Life of Kay Buell Every individuals life has a past, present and future. My life has been developed and influenced by several factors that will be reflected in this paper. You will read about my life experiences and how it has developed into such a wonderful life. My life begin when I was a mere 2 years of age when my parents adopted my twin sister and myself. My parents were on the older side, so their beliefs were conservative and strict, even from the beginning. Since my sister and I had been out of many foster homes until my parents adopted us, it was important that we had structure. There was always plenty of love and stability that I received and that is so important in the development in the early years. My†¦show more content†¦Part of that development was leaving the security and protective environment of my parents home to attend college. Not only was the anticipation of attending the university amazing, but to be able to be my own person, was exciting. Knowing that I would be the sole decision maker to succeed and learn from that adventure would be an enormous growth period. Adulthood brings opportunities that are challenging and present change. One opportunity that was presented to me was relocating to California. My maturity level was one of a confident adult and wanting to capture this â€Å"unknown† adventure. Stepping â€Å"outside the box† mentally helped me prepare for the culture shock that was awaiting me. After moving to California with my sister, brought our relationship closer. The relationship of identical twins is unique and one that other people do not understand. It is difficult to establish a separate identity amongst family and peers. Being a twin brings a best friend and constant support. Also, it can result in switching identities for a short while and that can be just fun. The saying is that everyone has a twin in the world but in my case, it is true. We finally developed sep arate identities and our peers realized our independent personalities and way of thinking was not identical. Life experiences bring happiness, sorrow and passions that we indulge. My first passion is dogs. I have beenShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesStress-Reduction Techniques 144 SKILL ANALYSIS 147 Cases Involving Stress Management 147 The Turn of the Tide 147 The Case of the Missing Time 150 SKILL PRACTICE 155 Exercises for Long-Term and Short-Run Stress Management The Small-Wins Strategy 155 Life-Balance Analysis 156 Deep Relaxation 158 Monitoring and Managing Time 159 SKILL APPLICATION 161 Activities for Managing Stress 161 Suggested Assignments 161 Application Plan and Evaluation 162 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA Stress Management AssessmentRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategies for market nichers Military analogies and competitive strategy: a brief summary The inevitability of strategic wear-out (or the law of marketing gravity and why dead cats only bounce once) The influence of product evolution and the product life cycle on strategy Achieving above-average performance and excellence Summary 387 390 396 423 425 427 427 427 428 438 447 461 463 465 474 478 484 489 493 495 497 497 497 498 500 505 510 515 517 518 520 522 523 528 528 534 Stage Three: How might